RBN Analytics

Skimmer frequency accuracy

To be a good RBN citizen a skimmer should have a frequency accuracy of 2ppm or better.

VERY IMPORTANT: To use the data below to improve the accuracy of your skimmer, multiply the current value of FreqCalibration in your skimmer software’s settings file with the suggested adjustment factor listed below.

The location of the settings files are:
CW Skimmer Server: %appdata%\Afreet\Products\SkimSrv\SkimSrv.ini
CW Skimmer: %appdata%\Afreet\Products\CwSkimmer\CwSkimmer.ini

The data listed below is based on yesterday’s RBN data, 00:00 to 23:59 UTC. This means that when making adjustments, changes in calibration will typically not have full impact on the listed data until the second day after the change.

The deviation estimates are based on spots on all active bands (40m and higher) from the respective skimmer. If different hardware is used for the different bands, the deviation number may thus not represent the actual deviation for a particular band. It is a good practice to run a separate instance of RBN Aggregator with a unique SSID for each hardware, (SM7IUN-1, SM7IUN-2, etc.)

A link to the software used to produce the tables can be found at the bottom of this page. It runs as a cron job in an Ubuntu container on my Synology server and uploads to this WordPress website shortly after midnight UTC daily.

The deviation estimation is done in two steps. The first step uses a small number of highly accurate skimmers (called “anchors” in the code, typically GPSDO-controlled skimmers) as reference. The whole estimation process is then repeated one more time but using both the anchors as well as all skimmers determined to be the “good” as reference. The “good” skimmers are those with less than 0.15ppm average deviation from the anchors, producing more than 100 qualifying spots (the qualification criteria of spots are outlined below.)

Repeating the analysis with this this extended set of skimmers as frequency references drastically increases the geographical coverage of the analysis thereby increasing the number of qualifying spots which means a much more reliable deviation estimates for all skimmers. The skimmers used as reference skimmers in the second stage (i.e. both anchors and “good”) are marked with an asterisk in the table below.

When looking at the numbers, keep in mind that the deviations estimated by the algorithm are 100 to 1000 times smaller than the 100Hz resolution of RBN frequency data. The input data is thus extremely “noisy” which inevitably leads to statistical variations. This is also the reason for not including spots under a certain frequency. Doing so would skew the statistics and cause underestimation of the frequency error.

Due to propagation characteristics, operator behavior (e.g. small QSY), and just statistical variations due to the 100Hz rounding, some skimmers selected as reference skimmers in the first stage may have more than 0.2ppm deviation in the second stage. This is not an error.

If you do not see your skimmer in the list below in spite of it successfully feeding spots to RBN the most likely reason is that it is off in frequency. The analytics discards all spots from skimmers having more than 0.5kHz frequency error.

if you want to implement an automated calibration of your skimmer you can access the skew data in machine-readable CSV format here https://sm7iun.se/rbnskew.csv

An skimmer calibration automation based on Windows PowerShell can be found here. It scrapes the calibration adjustment from this page and can be configured to update two CW Skimmer Server instances, two RTTY Skimmer Servers, and one CWSL_DIGI instance.

339716 RBN spots between 2026-07-20 00:00 and 23:59 UTC.
111233 spots (32.7%) were from reference skimmers (*).
Average spot flow was 236 per minute from 201 active CW skimmers.

180658 spots from 197 skimmers qualified for analysis by meeting
the following criteria:
 * Mode of spot is CW.
 * Also spotted by a reference skimmer within 1000 spots.
 * Also spotted by a reference skimmer within 10s. 
 * SNR is 3dB or higher. 
 * Frequency is 7000kHz or higher. 
 * Frequency deviation from reference skimmer is 0.5kHz or less.
 * At least 5 spots from same skimmer in data set.

  Skimmer    [ppm]  Spots    Adjustment 
  -------------------------------------
  5Z4GO       +0.2     90   1.000000237
  9M2CNC      +0.4     98   1.000000371
  AA0O        +2.0    112   1.000002013
  AA4PA       +0.5    715   1.000000484
  AK6RI-1     -0.1    213   0.999999911
  BA4OP       -0.1    145   0.999999934
  BA6KC       +0.0    214   1.000000007
  BD4UNT      +0.2     91   1.000000165
  BD7JNA      +0.0      9   1.000000000
  BD8CS*      -0.0    618   0.999999976
  BG2TFW      +0.3     53   1.000000283
  BG4GOV      +0.9     31   1.000000868
  BH4RRG      +0.1     86   1.000000083
  BH4XDZ      -0.4     44   0.999999622
  BI7JMD      +0.5     36   1.000000484
  CT1EYQ      -0.1    157   0.999999909
  CX6VM       +4.8     81   1.000004835
  DC8YZ       +0.4   1514   1.000000440
  DE0QPG*     -0.1    850   0.999999916
  DE1LON*     -0.0   1744   0.999999975
  DF7GB*      -0.0   2138   0.999999992
  DG1ELE      +0.1    905   1.000000121
  DK0KK       +0.1    411   1.000000096
  DK0TE       +0.2   1928   1.000000229
  DK3WW*      -0.1   2358   0.999999902
  DK8NE       +0.0     48   1.000000042
  DK9IP       +0.2   1446   1.000000197
  DK9IP-1*    +0.1   1796   1.000000074
  DL0LA       +0.0     74   1.000000001
  DL1HWS      +0.6   2799   1.000000632
  DL1HWS-3    +0.7   1578   1.000000684
  DL1HWS-4    +1.3   1073   1.000001316
  DL8LAS      +0.6   3306   1.000000591
  DL8LAS-1    +0.5   2728   1.000000450
  DM5GG       +0.8   2923   1.000000793
  DM6EE       +0.2   1271   1.000000204
  DO4DXA*     +0.1   2544   1.000000119
  DR4W        -1.8   1285   0.999998166
  EA1URA      +0.6    834   1.000000644
  EA2CW       +0.2     47   1.000000210
  EA2RCF-4    +1.2    815   1.000001179
  EA4RKC      +0.2    187   1.000000203
  EA5WU*      -0.0   1719   0.999999961
  EI4HQ*      -0.1   2934   0.999999945
  ES2RR*      -0.0   2745   0.999999976
  ES5PC*      -0.0   2623   0.999999967
  EY8ZE*      +0.0    321   1.000000040
  F4BPO       +1.6   1131   1.000001578
  F4GOU       +9.3   1349   1.000009329
  F5AHD       +3.5    297   1.000003501
  F6KGL*      +0.0    885   1.000000018
  G0KTN       +0.3   1951   1.000000292
  G0TMX       -0.3   1186   0.999999680
  G4IRN       +0.2   2679   1.000000235
  G4KCM*      -0.0   1148   0.999999962
  G4ZFE       +0.4   2414   1.000000366
  GI4DOH*     +0.1   1156   1.000000128
  GX0FRE*     +0.0   1259   1.000000017
  HA1VHF      +1.1   1563   1.000001057
  HA2NA       +0.7    203   1.000000684
  HA8TKS*     +0.1   1835   1.000000077
  HB9BXE*     +0.1   1948   1.000000140
  HB9DCO      -0.1     80   0.999999881
  HG8A        +0.6   2154   1.000000567
  HS0ZGZ      +0.3     74   1.000000294
  IK3STG      +1.1   1012   1.000001131
  IK4VET      +4.4   2462   1.000004447
  IZ2CPS      +0.5    545   1.000000518
  JA1CCA      -0.8     59   0.999999154
  JH7CSU1     +1.0    102   1.000001048
  JI1HFJ      -0.4     61   0.999999559
  JK1QLQ      +0.0     29   1.000000000
  JQ1BVI      +0.0     19   1.000000000
  K3GMQ*      +0.0   1313   1.000000026
  K3PA-1      +0.6   1212   1.000000625
  K4PP        +0.7    485   1.000000661
  K5EM        +5.4    297   1.000005378
  K5KHK       -0.1    393   0.999999873
  K5TR        -0.2   1196   0.999999809
  K6FOD       +0.4    219   1.000000371
  K7CO        +2.4    435   1.000002447
  K7EK        +1.6    298   1.000001551
  K7RUT       +3.0    233   1.000003038
  K9IMM*      +0.0   1218   1.000000018
  K9LC        +0.2   1122   1.000000181
  KD7EFG      +0.3    445   1.000000301
  KG6NFJ      +0.0    430   1.000000039
  KH6LC       +0.1     58   1.000000123
  KM08QR      +0.3    215   1.000000278
  KM3T-2      +0.4   1482   1.000000388
  KM3T-3*     +0.1   2020   1.000000115
  KM3T-5*     -0.0   1635   0.999999988
  KW7MM       +0.5   1215   1.000000461
  KW7MM-2     +0.6   1086   1.000000638
  KW7MM-3     -3.5     90   0.999996514
  KW7MM-4    +15.6    571   1.000015607
  LU8XW       +0.4     25   1.000000380
  LZ3CB*      -0.0   1218   0.999999967
  LZ4UX*      -0.1    886   0.999999935
  LZ5DI       +3.8   2343   1.000003758
  LZ7AA       +0.6   1289   1.000000585
  M1GEO       -3.7    344   0.999996279
  MM0ZBH*     +0.1   2959   1.000000088
  MM9PSY*     -0.0   2575   0.999999999
  N2CR        +0.7    493   1.000000680
  N2EPE       +0.2    881   1.000000188
  N2YCH       +4.4   1081   1.000004365
  N4HAC*      +0.1    700   1.000000084
  N6TV        +0.7    389   1.000000698
  N7VVX       -0.0    160   0.999999956
  N8DXE       +0.7     76   1.000000748
  N9CO        +0.3   1110   1.000000288
  ND7K        -0.1    880   0.999999907
  NG7M        -0.1    118   0.999999866
  NN3RP       +0.8     26   1.000000820
  NU4F*       -0.0    616   0.999999989
  OH8KA       +8.1    342   1.000008075
  OK1FCJ      +0.2   2444   1.000000194
  OK1HRA      -4.4   2219   0.999995646
  ON6ZQ       +0.7   1832   1.000000678
  OZ1AAB*     +0.1    549   1.000000110
  OZ1BZS      +0.6    310   1.000000631
  PA5KT-4*    -0.2   2067   0.999999830
  PA5WT       +0.0      7   1.000000000
  PA8MM       +0.3    772   1.000000339
  PE5TT       +0.9   1452   1.000000859
  PI4CC*      -0.0   2663   0.999999982
  PT2FHC      +0.0    143   1.000000017
  PY2KNK      +2.2    250   1.000002197
  PY2PE       -0.1     67   0.999999894
  R4NCU       -0.6    496   0.999999367
  RK3TD       +0.3   1220   1.000000324
  RK3TD-2     +0.8   1275   1.000000838
  RN4WA       +1.4   1509   1.000001370
  RU9CZD*     +0.0   1565   1.000000010
  S50U        +0.5    438   1.000000461
  S53A        +0.9   2683   1.000000874
  S53WW       +0.6   2367   1.000000606
  S54L        +0.6      9   1.000000615
  S58W*       +0.0    812   1.000000017
  SE5E*       +0.1   2651   1.000000106
  SK6AW*      -0.1   1171   0.999999926
  SM0TCZ      +0.5     60   1.000000514
  SM1HEV      -0.4    592   0.999999620
  SM7IUN*     -0.0   1741   0.999999950
  SQ5J        +8.8   1905   1.000008782
  SV1CDN      +5.9     12   1.000005944
  SZ1A*       -0.1    876   0.999999896
  TF3Y        +1.7   1052   1.000001727
  TI7W        +1.0   1511   1.000001023
  UR4RXX      +0.3     66   1.000000324
  UT5R*       +0.1    708   1.000000082
  UY2RA       -0.4    627   0.999999612
  V51YJ       +0.5     27   1.000000542
  VE4DRK     -11.2    289   0.999988830
  VE6AO       -0.3    418   0.999999722
  VE6JY       +0.5     82   1.000000522
  VE6WZ*      -0.3   1095   0.999999719
  VE6WZ-3     -0.8    919   0.999999175
  VK2RH       +0.0     11   1.000000000
  VK3RASA     -1.2     53   0.999998820
  VK6ANC      +0.0     49   1.000000000
  VU22DX      -0.6     33   0.999999424
  VU2CPL      +0.0      5   1.000000000
  VU2OY       +0.0     23   1.000000000
  VU2PTT      -0.9      6   0.999999078
  VU2TUM      +1.9    138   1.000001850
  W1NT-2      +0.7   1491   1.000000696
  W1NT-6      +0.7   1733   1.000000695
  W2MV        +0.5    305   1.000000467
  W2NAF       +1.3    243   1.000001288
  W2NNN       +4.4   1158   1.000004434
  W3DAN       +0.8     75   1.000000759
  W3LPL       -0.6    280   0.999999415
  W3RGA       +0.3    397   1.000000348
  W3UA*       -0.0   1358   0.999999971
  W4KAZ       +0.5    774   1.000000485
  W6YX        +0.7    789   1.000000682
  W8WTS       +0.4    708   1.000000431
  W8WWV       -1.5    774   0.999998502
  WA7LNW      +0.7   1088   1.000000697
  WB6BEE*     -0.1   1472   0.999999911
  WC2L        +0.4    771   1.000000402
  WE9V        +0.1   1224   1.000000111
  WS2C        +9.8    432   1.000009818
  WT8P        +0.1    270   1.000000089
  WT9U*       +0.1    574   1.000000146
  WW1L        +0.0     13   1.000000000
  YO2CK       -9.6   1647   0.999990361
  YO2KAR*     -0.2   1506   0.999999839
  YO5LD       +0.7   1931   1.000000667
  ZF1A        -5.9    338   0.999994118
  ZF9CW       -5.5   1511   0.999994486
  ZL2KS       +0.2    111   1.000000193
  ZL3X        -1.4    277   0.999998643
  ZL4YL       +0.3    584   1.000000313
  ZS1NN       -4.5     26   0.999995461

Last updated 2026-07-21 00:15:31 UTC

Historical skimmer frequency accuracy

Below you will find historical accuracy data for the past ten days. Do not be concerned over minor daily variations. Since RBN spots only have 100Hz frequency accuracy, the input data is very noisy. Even for a perfectly accurate skimmer, the typical RMS rounding error across all shortwave bands is around 3ppm. This means that for a skimmer with 1000 spots per day the statistical variation is up to 0.2ppm. For skimmers with less than 100 spots per day the statistical variation can be above 2ppm. The content of the table below is based on the historical content of the above table.

Skimmer    0720  0719  0718  0717  0716  0715  0714  0713  0712  0711
---------------------------------------------------------------------
5Z4GO      +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.4  +0.6  +0.1  +0.6  +0.5
9M2CNC     +0.4  +0.0  +0.7  +0.3  +0.0  +0.2  +0.4  +0.4  +0.5  +0.5
AA0O       +2.0  +0.9  +1.9  +1.2  +0.2  +1.5  +1.8  +1.1  +1.8  +2.3
AA4PA      +0.5  +0.4  +0.2  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.5  +0.4  +0.6
AC0C-1           -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.1  -0.0  +0.1
AK6RI-1    -0.1  -0.1  +0.1  -0.1  +0.0  +0.6  +0.1  +0.0  -0.1  +0.1
BA4OP      -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.2  -0.0  +0.1  -0.2                  
BA6KC      +0.0  -0.0  +0.1  +0.1  -0.6  -0.0  -0.0  +0.2  -0.1  +0.1
BD4UNT     +0.2  -0.0                    +0.0  -0.1  +0.3  +0.1  +0.2
BD7JNA     +0.0  +0.1  +0.1  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.4  -0.0  +0.0
BD8CS      -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.0
BG2TFW     +0.3  +0.3  +0.5  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  +0.0  +0.1  +0.5  +0.8
BG4GOV     +0.9  +0.0  +0.9                                          
BG7IEJ                             +6.6  +6.3  +6.5  +7.0  +6.6  +6.9
BH4RRG     +0.1  -0.1  +0.3  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.2  -0.1  +0.2
BH4RRG0                                                    +0.1  +0.4
BH4RXP                                                     +0.5      
BH4XDZ     -0.4  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1
BI4MPH                                                     +0.0      
BI4UYX                 +0.0                    +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1
BI7JMD     +0.5  -0.1  -0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.2  +0.0  -0.0
CT1EYQ     -0.1  -0.3  -0.5                          -0.1  -0.4  -0.3
CX6VM      +4.8  +4.2  +3.6        +1.4  +2.3  +1.5  +1.3  +2.8  +3.1
DC8YZ      +0.4  +0.6  +0.4  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  -0.0  +0.5  +0.2
DD0VS                                                      -0.4  -0.1
DE0QPG     -0.1  +0.4  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0  -0.2                  
DE1LON     -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.0
DF7GB      -0.0  -0.1  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0
DG1ELE     +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.0  +0.1  -0.2  +0.1  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1
DK0KK      +0.1  +0.1                    +0.2  +0.1  -0.4  +0.0  +0.1
DK0TE      +0.2  +1.4  +1.6  +1.1  +1.0  +0.7  +0.9  +0.8  +1.9  +2.2
DK3WW      -0.1                    +0.0  +0.1  +0.0  +0.2  +0.1  +0.3
DK8NE      +0.0  -0.1  -0.6  +0.6        -0.3        +0.5        +1.1
DK9IP      +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1
DK9IP-1    +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.0  +0.1
DL0LA      +0.0  -0.1  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.3  +0.3
DL1EFW                                                     +0.6  +0.6
DL1HWS     +0.6  +0.6  +0.6  +0.4  +0.4  +0.7  +0.6  +0.6  +0.8  +0.7
DL1HWS-3   +0.7  +0.7  +0.8  +0.5  +0.5  +0.7  +0.6  +0.5  +0.9  +1.0
DL1HWS-4   +1.3  +1.6  +1.6  +1.2  +1.4  +1.3  +1.3  +1.2  +1.6  +1.7
DL5RCN                +14.8                                          
DL5RMH                                                     +4.6  +4.8
DL8LAS     +0.6  +0.6  +0.7  +1.0  +1.6  +2.1  +1.9  +1.7  +1.9  +2.2
DL8LAS-1   +0.5  +0.4  +0.5  +0.6  +0.5  +0.8  +0.8  +0.8  +1.0  +1.1
DL8LAS-3                     +5.3  +5.2  +5.3  +5.1  +5.1  +4.3  +4.2
DL8TG                                          -0.2  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0
DM5GG      +0.8  +1.1  +1.7  +1.2  +1.2  +1.5  +1.3  +1.6  +1.3  +1.3
DM6EE      +0.2  +0.1                                +0.1  +0.0  -0.0
DM7EE                                                      +0.6  +0.6
DO4DXA     +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.0  -0.0  +0.1
DP5G                                           +0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.1
DR4W       -1.8  -1.9  -2.2  -1.6  -1.6  -1.6  -1.3  -1.5  -2.1  -2.1
E28AC                                                      +0.5  +0.5
EA1URA     +0.6  +0.7  +0.5  +4.1 +23.7 +24.8 +25.3 +25.5 +24.6 +26.1
EA2CW      +0.2  +0.3  +0.2  +0.4  +0.7  +0.5  +0.1  +0.5  +1.2  +0.5
EA2RCF-4   +1.2  +1.3  +1.5  +1.2  +1.1  +1.4  +1.5  +1.5  +1.8  +1.9
EA4RKC     +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.3  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.3  +0.3
EA5WU      -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1        -0.0  -0.1                  
EI4HQ      -0.1  -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1
ES2RR      -0.0  -0.1  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0
ES5PC      -0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1
EU1ST                                                            +4.8
EU8RO                                                      +0.3  +0.5
EY8ZE      +0.0                                                      
F4BPO      +1.6  +2.1  +2.7  +2.0  +1.7  +3.2  +2.9  +3.6  +2.6  +2.6
F4GOU      +9.3  +7.8  +0.1  +0.0  -0.1  +0.4  +0.1  +0.0  +0.3  +0.4
F5AHD      +3.5  +4.0  +3.7  +4.3  +3.5  +3.9  +4.4        +4.3  +4.2
F6KGL      +0.0  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  -0.2  +0.0  +0.2  -0.0  +0.2  +0.2
G0KTN      +0.3  +0.4  +0.3  +0.2  +0.3  +0.4  +0.5  +0.4  +0.6  +0.5
G0TMX      -0.3  -0.9  -0.6  -0.4  -0.3  -0.3  -0.9  -2.3  -1.1  -1.1
G4IRN      +0.2  +0.2  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.2  +0.3  +0.2  +0.5  -0.0
G4KCM      -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.0  -0.2  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0
G4ZFE      +0.4  +0.2  +0.4  +0.5  +0.5  +0.8  +0.6  +0.7  +0.8  +1.3
GI4DOH     +0.1  +0.1  +0.0  +0.2  +0.4  +0.5  +0.4  +0.5  +0.6  +0.8
GX0FRE     +0.0  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.2
HA1VHF     +1.1  +1.3  +1.4  +1.0  +0.8  +0.9  +1.1  +1.2  +1.4  +1.5
HA2NA      +0.7  +0.6  +0.6  +0.2  +0.5  +0.9  +0.7  +1.0  +0.7  +0.5
HA5E                                           +0.3  +0.2  +0.2      
HA8TKS     +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.3  +0.1  +0.1
HB9BXE     +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2
HB9DCO     -0.1  -0.1  -0.1              -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1
HG8A       +0.6  +0.8  +0.9  +0.5  +0.5  +0.5  +0.5  +0.4  +0.6  +0.6
HS0ZGZ     +0.3  +1.0  +0.7  +0.3  -0.1  +0.1  +0.9  +0.2  +0.6  +0.1
IK3STG     +1.1  +1.8  +1.6  +1.4  +1.2  +1.2  +0.9  +1.5  +1.6  +1.8
IK4VET     +4.4  +4.5  +4.5  +4.7  +4.7  +4.6  +4.6  +4.4  +4.3  +4.6
IK7YTT                 -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0
IT9GSF                             -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1
IZ2CPS     +0.5  +0.4  +0.3  +0.3  +0.3  +0.5  +0.3  +0.2  +0.7  +0.6
JA1CCA     -0.8  -1.0  -1.3  -0.8  -0.8  -0.7  -1.2  -1.0  -1.6  -1.6
JE2YCR                                                     +0.1  +0.9
JH4UTP                                                     +0.6  +0.3
JH7CSU1    +1.0  +1.7  +1.8  +1.1  +1.3  +1.2  +1.0  +0.5  +2.5  +1.8
JI1HFJ     -0.4  -2.9  -2.5  -1.3        -0.3  -2.4  -3.8  -0.4  -0.2
JJ2VLY           +2.0  +2.0  +1.5  +1.0  +2.6  +1.5  +0.6  +3.5  +2.1
JK1QLQ     +0.0  +0.0  +0.4              -0.6  +0.6  +0.0  -0.2  +0.3
JN1ILK                                         +1.4  +0.7  +1.6  +1.3
JO1YYP                                         +1.9  +2.6  +2.9  +3.0
JQ1BVI     +0.0        +0.9                    +0.0  +0.0  +0.4  +0.6
K1RA-4           +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.3  +0.3  +0.2  +0.3  +0.1  +0.4
K3GMQ      +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0  +0.1  -1.4  +0.0
K3PA-1     +0.6  +0.5  +0.5  +0.4  +0.3  +0.6  +0.5  +0.6  +0.9  +1.0
K3PA-2           +0.0                          +0.0              +0.1
K4PP       +0.7  +0.6  +0.5  +0.5  +0.5  +0.7  +0.1  +0.7  +1.1  +1.1
K5EM       +5.4  +5.2  +5.1  +6.0  +4.7  +5.2  +4.8  +5.0  +4.4  +5.0
K5KHK      -0.1  +0.1  +0.0  -0.2  -2.6  -2.5  -9.3  -9.2            
K5TR       -0.2  -0.2  -0.2  -0.3  +0.3  +0.3  +0.2  -0.0  +0.9  +0.7
K6FOD      +0.4  +0.0  +0.1  -0.1  -0.6  -0.1  +0.3  +0.1  +0.1  +0.3
K7CO       +2.4  +1.5  +1.0  +1.5  +1.8  +1.7  +1.7  +1.7  +3.4  +2.6
K7EK       +1.6  +1.8  +0.5  +1.3  +0.9  +0.9  +0.9  +1.2  -0.5  +2.3
K7RUT      +3.0  +3.9                                                
K9IMM      +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  -0.1  -0.1  +0.1
K9LC       +0.2  +0.2  +0.2  +0.2  +0.3  +0.4  +0.4  -0.6  -1.1  -1.2
KC4YVA                 +0.7  +0.8  +0.8  +0.8  +0.9  +1.1  +1.2  +1.4
KD2M                                                             +0.0
KD2OGR                 +0.0  +0.0  +0.9  +0.5  +0.0  +0.5  +0.5  +0.6
KD7EFG     +0.3  +0.4  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.3  +0.6  +0.5
KG6NFJ     +0.0  -0.1  +0.1  -0.1  -0.3  -0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.0      
KH6LC      +0.1  +0.1  +0.8  -0.5  +0.5  +0.3  +0.0  -0.3  +0.1  +0.4
KK4FL            +0.0                                                
KM08QR     +0.3  +0.1  -0.1  +0.1  -0.1  -0.2                        
KM3T-2     +0.4  +0.4  +0.4  +0.3  +0.4  +0.5  +0.3  +0.3  +0.6  +0.7
KM3T-3     +0.1  +0.0  +0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.2
KM3T-5     -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0
KW7MM      +0.5  +0.5  +0.3  +0.2  +0.4  +0.4  +0.5  +0.6  +0.7  +0.7
KW7MM-2    +0.6  +0.7  +0.4  +0.4  +0.5  +0.7  +0.7  +0.7  +1.0  +1.1
KW7MM-3    -3.5  -1.7  -1.2                                -5.4  -3.7
KW7MM-4   +15.6 +15.9 +16.0 +15.6 +15.4 +15.0 +15.8 +15.8 +15.6 +15.9
LB9KJ                                               -14.9  +1.4 +13.8
LU8XW      +0.4  +0.3  +0.0        +0.0  +0.4  +0.0        +1.2  +1.1
LY3G                                                       +0.6      
LZ3CB      -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  +0.0        -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.0
LZ4AE                                                      +1.2  +1.4
LZ4UX      -0.1  -0.0  -0.2  -0.0  -0.2  +0.1  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.2
LZ5DI      +3.8  +3.8  +3.9  +4.2  +3.5  +3.2  +3.2  +3.4  +3.3  +3.5
LZ7AA      +0.6  +0.6  +0.8  +0.5  +0.7  +0.7  +0.6  +0.8  +1.5  +1.3
M1GEO      -3.7  +0.0              -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.1
MM0ZBH     +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.2
MM9PSY     -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1
N2CR       +0.7  +0.6  +0.5  +0.5  +0.9  +0.5  +0.6  +0.8  +0.9  +1.2
N2EPE      +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  -0.0  +0.1  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2
N2YCH      +4.4  +4.3  +3.7  +4.0  +3.6  +3.9  +4.0  +3.9  +3.8  +4.4
N4HAC      +0.1  +0.0  +0.1  -0.1  -0.1  +0.1              +0.0  +0.0
N6TV       +0.7  +0.7  +0.4  +0.3  +0.5  +0.5  +0.5  +0.4  +0.9  +0.9
N7TUG            +0.6  +0.1  +0.3  +1.2  +0.0  +0.3  +1.0  +1.6  +0.9
N7VVX      -0.0  -0.0  +0.3  +0.0  -0.2  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1  +0.0
N8DXE      +0.7        +0.6  +1.7  +1.7  +1.0  +1.4  +1.2  +2.3      
N9CO       +0.3  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.0  +0.1  -0.3  -0.2  -0.6  +0.4
ND7K       -0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.2  -0.3  -0.3  -0.1  -0.2  -0.4  -0.2
NG7M       -0.1  +0.2  +0.0  -0.1  -0.3  -0.1  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  +0.1
NN3RP      +0.8  +1.7  +0.0  -0.3        +0.6  +0.7  +0.0  +1.3  +0.9
NU4F       -0.0  +0.0  +0.2  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0  +0.1  +0.1  -0.2  +0.1
OE3KLU           +0.5  +1.0                    +0.7              +0.0
OE9GHV                                         +0.0  +0.0        -0.0
OH4KA                                                      +1.6  +1.3
OH6BG                                    +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.3  +0.4
OH8KA      +8.1  +8.3  +7.8  +8.0  +8.2  +8.0  +7.9  +8.9  +8.4  +8.0
OK1FCJ     +0.2                                            +0.2  +0.1
OK1HRA     -4.4  -4.4  -4.5  -4.3  -4.5  -4.2  -3.9  -4.0  -4.7  -4.5
ON6ZQ      +0.7  +0.8  +0.9  +0.9  +0.9  +1.0  +1.0  +1.0  +1.3  +1.2
OZ1AAB     +0.1  -0.1  -0.1  -0.2  +0.1  +0.3  -0.3  -0.1  -0.2  -0.1
OZ1BZS     +0.6  +0.6  +0.6  +0.3  +0.2  +0.8  +0.5  +0.6  +1.0  +0.9
PA5KT-4    -0.2  -0.3  -0.3  -0.0  +0.2  +0.2  -0.0  -0.3  -0.1  +0.1
PA5WT      +0.0  +0.0                                +0.0  +0.1  +0.1
PA8MM      +0.3  +0.3  +0.3  +0.2  +0.4  +0.6                        
PD2RPS                                                           +5.4
PE5TT      +0.9  +0.8  +1.0  +1.0  +1.0  +0.7  +0.6  +0.8  +1.2  +1.2
PI4CC      -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.1              -0.0  -0.0
PT2FHC     +0.0  +0.0  +0.1  +0.0  -0.1  -0.2  -0.1  -0.0  +0.1  -0.1
PY2KNK     +2.2  +3.2  +3.3  +4.9  +3.7  +3.9  +2.5  +1.0  +2.0  +3.8
PY2PE      -0.1  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.6  -0.1  +0.5  +0.0  +0.4  +0.1
R4NCU      -0.6  -0.5  -0.6  -0.2  -0.7  -0.6  -0.3  -0.4  -0.6  -0.8
RK3TD      +0.3  +0.1  +0.1  -0.0  +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  +0.3  +0.7  +0.8
RK3TD-2    +0.8  +0.8  +0.9  +0.7  +0.7  +1.0  +0.8  +0.8  +1.1  +1.1
RN4WA      +1.4  +1.5  +1.2  +1.1  +0.9  +1.3  +1.6  +1.4  +2.2  +2.2
RU9CZD     +0.0  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  -0.1  +0.1  -0.0  -0.0  -0.4
S50U       +0.5  +0.7  +0.4  +0.3  +0.4  +0.7  +0.5  +0.7  +0.7  +0.4
S53A       +0.9  +0.9  +1.0  +0.6                    +0.6  +0.2  -0.3
S53F                                                             +0.7
S53WW      +0.6  +0.7  +0.7  +0.5  +0.6  +0.7  +0.7  +0.7  +0.9  +0.9
S54L       +0.6  +1.5  +1.0  +0.9  +1.3  +1.7  +1.1  +1.7  +0.7  +2.1
S58W       +0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  -0.3  -0.1  +0.0  +0.1  -0.3
SA6LKX                                               +0.0  -0.0  -0.1
SE5E       +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  +0.1  -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.1
SK6AW      -0.1  -0.0  -0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.3            
SM0TCZ     +0.5  +0.1  +0.4  +0.4  -0.2  +1.0  +1.2  -0.1  +0.7  +0.6
SM1HEV     -0.4  +0.0  +0.2  +0.3  +0.1  +0.3  +0.2  +0.2  +0.0  +0.3
SM7IUN     -0.0  -0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.1  -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.1
SQ5J       +8.8  +8.8  +8.7  +8.8  +9.0  +9.2  +9.1  +8.8  +8.6  +8.5
SV1CDN     +5.9  +9.9 +10.5  +4.8  +4.8  +4.3        +4.8  +4.1  +4.2
SV1DPJ                                   -0.6  -0.4  -0.9  +0.8  +0.0
SZ1A       -0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.2  -0.1  -0.8        -4.0
TF3Y       +1.7  +1.8  +1.7  +1.6  +1.0  +1.4  +1.3  +1.2  +1.8  +2.0
TI7W       +1.0  +1.1  +1.2  +1.0  +0.9  +1.1  +1.0  +1.0  +1.6  +1.3
UR4RXX     +0.3        +0.3  -0.2  +0.0  -0.1  +0.2  +0.3  +0.5  +0.3
UT5R       +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.0  +0.0      
UY2RA      -0.4  -0.5  -0.5  +1.8 +35.8  -0.5  -0.4  -0.9  -1.3  -0.9
V51YJ      +0.5  +1.5  +1.7  +0.3  +1.1  +0.0  +1.2  +1.2  +1.8  +1.9
VE4DRK    -11.2 -10.2 -11.0 -11.3       -11.8 -11.6 -11.2 -13.1 -10.1
VE6AO      -0.3  +0.1  -0.1  +0.1  -0.2  -0.4  -0.3  -0.1  -0.6  -0.2
VE6JY      +0.5  +0.6  +0.4  +0.8  +0.0  +0.3  +0.3  +0.4  +0.9  +1.0
VE6WZ      -0.3  -0.2  -0.4  -0.2  +0.6  -0.1  -0.4  -0.6  -0.0  -0.8
VE6WZ-3    -0.8  -0.6  -0.6  -0.7  -0.3  -1.0  -0.7  -0.6  -1.1  -1.0
VE7CC                              +1.0  +0.8  +0.9  +0.7  +1.6  +1.5
VK2RH      +0.0  +0.0  +0.3  -1.2  +0.0        -1.4        -0.7  -0.1
VK3RASA    -1.2  -1.5  -1.0  +0.2  -0.9  -0.8  -0.2  -0.7  -0.5  -1.6
VK3VB                                                      -1.4      
VK6ANC     +0.0  -0.3  -0.0  +0.3  +0.0  -0.2  -0.9  -2.8  -0.5  -1.4
VU22DX     -0.6  +0.0                                      -0.0  +0.0
VU2CPL     +0.0  +0.3  +0.3  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.7  +0.0  -0.1  -0.4
VU2OY      +0.0  +1.1  +0.8  +0.7  +0.4  +0.5  +0.6  +0.2  +1.0  +0.7
VU2PTT     -0.9  +0.2        +0.0  +0.0        -1.0  +0.0  +0.1  -0.2
VU2TUM     +1.9  +1.7  +1.2  +0.3  +0.4  +0.7  +1.2  +0.5  +1.1  +1.2
W1NT-2     +0.7  +0.6  +0.5  +0.6  +0.6  +0.8  +0.7  +0.5  +1.0  +1.0
W1NT-6     +0.7  +0.7  +0.7  +0.8  +0.7  +1.1  +0.8  +0.7  +1.1  +1.2
W2MV       +0.5  +0.5  +0.3  +0.2  -0.0  +0.5  +0.2  +0.2  +0.5  +0.5
W2NAF      +1.3  +1.6  +0.4  +1.2  +1.2  +1.2  +1.4  +1.5  +2.0  +2.1
W2NNN      +4.4  +4.0  +3.2  +5.6        +2.8  +4.3  +4.1  +3.3  +4.0
W3DAN      +0.8        +0.8  +1.5  +1.0  +1.2  +1.3  +1.1  +1.7      
W3LPL      -0.6  -0.7  -0.8                                          
W3RGA      +0.3  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1  +0.1
W3UA       -0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.0  -0.0  -0.1  -0.1  +0.0  -0.2  -0.0
W4KAZ      +0.5  +0.6  +0.3  +0.4  +0.4  +0.4  +0.3  +0.3  +0.6  +0.6
W6YX       +0.7  +0.5  +0.4  +0.4  +0.7  +1.0  +0.9  +0.6  +1.0  +1.1
W8WTS      +0.4  +0.5  +0.5  +0.5  +0.6  +0.6  +0.4  +0.6  +1.0  +0.8
W8WWV      -1.5  -1.4  -1.6  -1.3  -1.4  -1.7  -1.2  -1.7  -1.9  -2.1
WA7LNW     +0.7  +0.5  +0.4  +0.4  +0.7  +0.7  +0.6  +0.7  +1.1  +0.9
WB6BEE     -0.1  +0.0  +0.0  +0.0  -0.1  -0.0  -0.0  +0.1  -0.0  -0.0
WC2L       +0.4  +0.3  +0.3  +0.5  +0.4  +0.4  +0.3  +0.8  +1.2  +1.2
WE9V       +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  +0.0  +0.3  +0.0  +0.1  +0.1  +0.9  -0.1
WS2C       +9.8  +9.3  +9.6  +9.6 +10.2  +9.2                        
WS3W                   +0.1  +0.0  -0.0  +0.1  +0.0  -0.1  -0.1  +0.0
WT8P       +0.1  -0.1  +0.2  -0.1  -0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.1  +0.2  +0.3
WT9U       +0.1  +0.2  +0.2  -0.1  +0.0  -0.0  -0.1  +0.2  -0.1  +0.6
WW1L       +0.0  -0.1  +0.0                    -0.1                  
WX7V/5                                         +0.2  +0.6  +0.8  +1.0
YO2CK      -9.6  -9.1  -7.9  -8.9  -9.5  -9.4 -10.2 -10.2  -9.0  -8.9
YO2KAR     -0.2  -0.1  -0.2  -0.2  -0.2  -0.2  +0.0  +0.2  -0.1  +0.0
YO5LD      +0.7  +0.7  +0.7  +0.4  +0.5  +0.5  +0.4  +0.3  +0.3  +0.3
ZF1A       -5.9        -6.9  -6.3  -5.2  -3.6  -4.3  -6.0        -7.1
ZF9CW      -5.5  -5.7        +0.6  +0.8  +0.8  +0.8  +0.8  +1.0  +1.0
ZL2KS      +0.2  +0.4  +0.4  +0.2  +0.6  +0.7  +0.3  +1.0  +0.2  -0.6
ZL3X       -1.4  -1.0  -0.7  -1.0  -0.7  -0.0  -0.1  -0.5  -1.0  -1.9
ZL4YL      +0.3  +0.6  +0.5  +0.4  +0.4  +0.8  +0.4  +0.4  +0.8  +0.6
ZS1NN      -4.5  -4.5  -4.8  -5.5  -5.4  -3.8  -2.7  -4.5  -4.7  -5.0

Last updated 2026-07-21 00:15:39 UTC

Anchor skimmers

The below skimmers use external frequency references and are confirmed to have continuous, high accuracy. Their accuracy is also confirmed against each other on a daily basis.

DF7GB ES2RR KM3T-5 LZ3CB LZ4UX MM9PSY WB6BEE 

Last updated 2026-07-21 00:15:39 UTC

It is the owners of these skimmers who make this web page possible. Thank you.

To get good geographic coverage and a good size dataset, a two-step method is used for the analysis shown above. Since the second step also relies on spots from skimmers with slightly lower accuracy the displayed error for the anchor skimmers may not always be 0.0, even though they are perfectly accurate.

Software

The software powering this page can be found on github.